wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional ( λ ~ 1 / ƒ ).All three of these properties are also related to the speed of light as expressed by the following two equations:Ĭombining the two formulas by canceling c and solving for E, we arrive at the relationship known as the Planck – Einstein equation:įrom these manipulations we see there are two important relationships that we can use to our advantage when applying different wavelengths to solving lighting applications: In machine vision applications, we tend to express light in wavelength units (nm) preferentially over frequency therefore, we will stress the following relationships among light wavelength, frequency, and photon energy with respect to wavelength. Wavelength: Expressed in nanometers (nm) or microns (um).Photometric: Perceived light power of radiometric measures – weighted to the human visual spectral response and confined to the “human visible” wavelengths in lux (lx = lumens / m 2).Radiometric: Unweighted measures of optical radiation power, irrespective of wavelength in Watts (W) per unit area.Light may be characterized and measured in several ways: 1).Įlectromagnetic Spectrum, highlighting boundaries by wavelength and detailing the UV, Visible and IR portions. their backgroundĪs we are all aware, each inspection is different, thus it is possible, for example, for lighting solutions that meet Acceptance Criterion 1 only to be effective, provided there are no inconsistencies in part size, shape, orientation, placement, or environmental variables, such as ambient light contribution (Fig. Maximize the contrast on those features of interest vs.When we accumulate and analyze information from these three areas, with respect to the specific part/feature and inspection requirements, we can achieve the primary goal of machine vision lighting analysis - to provide object or feature appropriate lighting that meets two Acceptance Criteria consistently:. Illumination Techniques and their application fields relative to surface flatness and surface reflectivity.Vision camera and sensor quantum efficiency and spectral range.Lighting types, and application advantages and disadvantages.Object – Light Interactions with respect to your unique parts, including ambient light.Immediate Inspection Environment – Physical constraints and requirements.
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